Chapters 9 and 10

Table of Contents:

00:04 - Introduction to Political Science
00:10 -
00:10 - Learning Objectives (1 of 2)
00:30 - Learning Objectives (2 of 2)
00:31 - Nuts and Bolts of Economies
01:31 - GDP of Countries
01:39 - Concrete Features of Economies: Wealth, Industrialization, Inequality (1 of 2)
01:39 -
01:40 - Concrete Features of Economies: Wealth, Industrialization, Inequality (1 of 2)
01:40 - GDP of Countries
01:47 - Concrete Features of Economies: Wealth, Industrialization, Inequality (1 of 2)
02:04 -
02:19 - Figure 9-1 Overall GDP and GDP per Capita for Selected CountriesThis chart shows the size of national economies (GDP) in two ways, by the size of bubbles and by placement along the horizontal axis.* The height of the bubbles on the vertical axis shows each country's wealth per person (GDP per capita). The Chinese and American economies are the world's largest and are currently very close in overall size, but U.S. GDP per capita is far higher. The bubbles are colored by region, showing roughly that the richest economies per capita (at the top of the figure) are in Europe, Asia, and the United States and Canada.
02:20 - Concrete Features of Economies: Wealth, Industrialization, Inequality (2 of 2)
02:28 - Figure 9-2 Inequality: Gini Index Scores of Selected CountriesThe Gini index of inequality is a complex calculation, but the basic idea is that the higher the bar, the more wealth is distributed unequally in that country. Inequality is usually higher in poorer countries than in richer ones, but the United States has the highest inequality score among developed nations. Gini studies across countries do not happen very frequently. These figures were compiled in 2010–2012 from various sources by the CIA World Factbook. Because these numbers typically change quite slowly, the levels seen here remain basically accurate.
02:50 - GINI USA
03:02 - GINI (Inequality throughout the world.
03:19 - Abstract Political-Economic Systems: Market versus Command Economies (1 of 4)
03:21 - Abstract Political-Economic Systems: Market versus Command Economies (2 of 4)
03:49 - Abstract Political-Economic Systems: Market versus Command Economies (3 of 4)
04:00 - Abstract Political-Economic Systems: Market versus Command Economies (4 of )
04:05 - Political-Economic Systems in the Real World (1 of 5)
04:09 - Political-Economic Systems in the Real World (2 of 5)
04:10 - Political-Economic Systems in the Real World (3 of 5)
04:21 - Political-Economic Systems in the Real World (4 of 5)
04:26 -
04:27 - Political-Economic Systems in the Real World (5 of 5)
04:45 - Figure 9-3 Government Spending's Share of GDP in Selected CountriesThough all rich countries today have economic systems based on markets and capitalism, some have government spending that accounts for over 50 percent of the economy.
04:47 - The Varying Political Shape of Mixed Economies
04:49 - The United States: "The Chief Business of the American People Is Business" (1 of 2)
04:50 - The United States: "The Chief Business of the American People Is Business" (2 of 2)
04:50 - Figure 9-4 What Share of Taxes Do the Richest 10 Percent of the Population Pay?The richest 10 percent of Americans have a larger share of national income than in most other countries (the blue bars) but pay a higher share of taxes (the reddish bars). So, the wealthiest 10 percent of Americans possess about 34 percent of America's wealth and pay about 45 percent of America's taxes.
04:51 - Germany: Redistribution, Codetermination, and Bank Finance in the Social Market Economy (1 of 4)
04:52 - Figure 9-5 How Much Do Government Programs Reduce Inequality?This chart displays the difference between the Gini index of inequality in market income (measuring inequality in how much people are paid directly from jobs and other sources) and the Gini index of inequality in actual disposable income (how much people actually have to spend) after transfers from government programs that benefit poorer people in each country. In Germany, government programs have consistently lessened the level of market-income inequality by roughly 30 percent; in the United States the effects of government programs hover around 18 percent. As we can see from the other lines for France, the United Kingdom, Canada, and the average of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD, an association of thirty-four rich countries), the United States stands out for redistributing less.
04:52 - Germany: Redistribution, Codetermination, and Bank Finance in the Social Market Economy (2 of 4)
05:10 - Germany: Redistribution, Codetermination, and Bank Finance in the Social Market Economy (3 of 4)
05:30 - Germany: Redistribution, Codetermination, and Bank Finance in the Social Market Economy (4 of )
05:33 - Malaysia: Intervention for Capitalist Growth (1 of 2)
05:35 - Malaysia: Intervention for Capitalist Growth (2 of 2)
05:40 -
06:38 -
06:55 -
16:27 - TAIWAN